Esta dissertação concentra-se na modalidade de vídeos pessoais transmitidos ao vivo ou em modo instantâneo em aplicativos de redes sociais. Os vídeos pessoais aqui considerados são aqueles produzidos pelas pessoas com o objetivo de compartilhar suas experiências e registros da vida cotidiana. O corpus da pesquisa são as redes sociais que possibilitam aos seus usuários o compartilhamento instantâneo dos acontecimentos no momento em que estes ocorrem e que impossibilitam a visualização dos conteúdos compartilhados 24 horas após sua publicação. O objetivo é analisar se o apelo do momento poderia representar um diferencial no processo de comunicação nos ambientes virtuais de sociabilidade. O método aplicado à investigação é empírico, a partir da observação de exemplos nacionais e norte americanos de vídeos pessoais transmitidos na categoria de redes sociais aqui analisada, no período de junho de 2015 a julho de 2017.
The present master’s dissertation concentrates its studies in the modality of personal videos either live streamed or streamed in an instant mode through social networks applications. The personal videos in this matter are the ones produced by people with the objective of sharing experiences and registers of the ordinary life. The corpus of this research are the social networks that allow their users to instantly share the events at the moment they take place and that prevent the display of agiven content within 24 hours after it was shared. The objective is to analyze if the appeal of the moment would represent a differential in the process of communication in the virtual spaces of sociability. The method of investigation used is the empirical one, based on the observation of examples of personal videos, both Brazilians and North Americans, streamed on the category of social networks herein considered, from June 2015 to July 2017. The main concepts analyzed are related to the relationship between the society and the new technologies of communication, in special to the theories of Manuel Castells (2003, 2009, 2016), Lev Manovich (2001, 2016), Steve Johnson (2001), Howard Rheingold (2000, 2002), Henry Jenkins (2007, 2009, 2014), Jean Burgess (2009), Mizuko Ito (2004), Raquel Recuero (2010), Stig Hjarvard (2014), Paula Sibilia (2016), Edgar Morin (2007) and Álvaro Vieira Pinto (2005). Regarding the individualism, the identity and the sociability, the dissertation refers to the concept of the new globalized individualism, from Anthony Elliott e Charles Lemert (2009), with the contributions of the theories from Christopher Lasch (1990), Paul Zumthor (2007), David Harvey (2014), Erving Goffman (2002), Max Stirner (2004), Henri-Pierri Jeudy (2001), Jean-François Lyotard (2000), Milton Santos (2001) and Georg Simmel (2006). Regarding the ephemeral, this study observes the concepts of Walter Benjamin (2009, 2014), Leo Charney (2004), Guy Debord (1997), François Hartog (2006, 2015), Gilles Deleuze (1992), Marilena Chaui (2004), Gilles Lipovetsky (2009, 2011, 2015) and Alvin Toffler (1971). Besides the bibliographic review, other sources of information were considered, such as researches issued by institutes and companies specialized in media and technology, articles from news websites and press releases from social networks companies. The verified idea is that the instant and the ephemeral affect the dynamic of the social interactions, in the way people present themselves and establish contacts in the virtuality.
