ESTUDOS NUMÉRICOS DE QUÍMICA ATMOSFÉRICA PARA A REGIÃO DO CARIBE E AMÉRICA CENTRAL COM ÊNFASE EM CUBA. Documento uri icon

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tipo

  • master thesis

abstrato

  • In this work, the CCATT-BRAMS model was applied to the region of Central America and the Caribbean, with emphasis on Cuba, with the aim of studying the physical and chemical mechanisms that control chemistry in the lower troposphere in this region, and to provide tools that allow the continuity of this work under local conditions. Therefore, the RELACS chemical mechanism, with a lower computational resource requirement, was implemented in CCATT-BRAMS. The performance of the RELACS mechanism is assessed in this work through its application to the southeast region of Brazil in a study of two months corresponding to the dry and wet seasons, respectively. The results were compared with results obtained with the CB07 and RACM chemical mechanisms at the regional scale using a trajectory model, and also for the city of São Paulo, evaluating the performance of the simulation of the diurnal cycle through comparison with \textit{in situ} data. RELACS, with execution times similar to those achieved with CB07 and up to 50 \% lower execution times than those achieved with RACM, showed a performance closer to that of RACM than CB07 in the assessment of air quality, in particular, ozone formation, for both dry and wet seasons. In addition, a modification to the EDGAR (Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research) emission inventory was proposed. This variant of the inventory, called EDGAR-INGEE, was built using the emission data reported in the Cuban National Inventory of Greenhouse Gases (\textit{Inventário Nacional de Gases de Efeito Estufa de Cuba} INGEE) and data available for the energy sector, in particular, electricity generation. CCATT-BRAMS with RELACS was applied to the region of Central America and the Caribbean for a month of the wet season (July 2008) and a month of the dry season (January 2009), using both variants of the emission inventory. The average differences between ozone mixing ratios obtained with both emission inventories were up to 50 \% for July and up to 25\% for January. Notwithstanding, ozone mixing ratios values were higher in both simulations for January than for July, typically between 10 and 15 ppbv. The main reason for this was that the higher values obtained for the dry season were a result of the influence of the regional transport of polluted air masses, while in the wet season the local conditions were more important. The local air quality data available for Cuba was shown to be unrepresentative of regional conditions due to the location of the air quality station. A comparison with satellite data showed that the EDGAR-INGEE inventory represented an improvement compared with unmodified EDGAR.
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data de publicação

  • 2011-01-01